The federal government has tapped the nation’s second-largest cellphone carrier to build a first-of-its-kind wireless network — one that promises to help firefighters, police and medical workers more easily communicate in the event of a major emergency.
The 25-year contract announced Thursday directs AT&T to build and maintain the network, which is known as FirstNet and is unprecedented in its level of sophistication and scale.
When federal, state or local authorities arrive at the scene of an emergency today, their communications devices must compete with those of consumers who are also trying to access the cellular network, FirstNet executives said. That can lead to congestion and delays that endanger lives.
But the FirstNet network will be specially designed to give priority to first responders, FirstNet President T. J. Kennedy said. Through special SIM cards inserted in their phones, police, fire and medical officers will be better able to communicate with each other. Much like current technology, the new network will allow them to send and receive video, data and voice calls before they reach a crisis area. But that information will arrive uninterrupted and in real time.
“They will always be prioritized. They’re always at the front of the line,” Kennedy said. “This happens inside the network at the millisecond level.”
FirstNet is administered by the Department of Commerce and was proposed in the years after Sept. 11, 2001, when emergency workers responding to the day’s terror attacks struggled to communicate across clogged channels and incompatible technologies.
Under the contract, AT&T will spend $40 billion of its own money deploying FirstNet. It will also receive $6.5 billion from the government at the end of five years if it successfully meets a number of milestones designed to fast-track the project. And the government is awarding the company with as much as 20 MHz of new wireless airwaves that AT&T intends to integrate into the service. That so-called “spectrum” will expand the network’s capacity and help ensure that communications do not fail.
“First responders use more than 10,000 networks for voice communications,” AT&T said in a release. “These networks often do not interoperate, which severely limits their ability to communicate with each other when responding to a situation. FirstNet’s mission is to fix this.”
AT&T’s extensive existing infrastructure means that the company may move more quickly to set up FirstNet, which will be available in every state.
“It’s not going to be a build from scratch type of thing,” FirstNet Chief Executive Mike Poth said. “So it’s a win for us and public safety because it’s going to accelerate the time to market.”
To take advantage of the network’s capabilities, public safety departments will need to buy a subscription to FirstNet. Automatically included is the preemption feature, which is among the most-requested by first responders, said Chris Sambar, AT&T’s senior vice president for FirstNet.
Sambar declined to say how expensive the rate plans will be, but said that they would be priced “below market rates.”
Designing a system such as FirstNet has taken years due to the sheer number of public safety departments in the United States who expect to use the network, according to an industry official who spoke on condition of anonymity because details of the project remain private.
