ATLANTA — Social networks are banning them and government agencies and watchdog groups have called them domestic terrorists. But extremist groups still have a vibrant internet life thanks to online retailers.
Looking for a book evangelizing the baseless and far-out QAnon conspiracy theory? Amazon has a variety of titles. How about a T-shirt with the Three Percenters militia logo? Custom shirt company TeeSpring has many styles and colors. EBay and Etsy can provide shirts, hats and stickers bearing the slogan “ACAB,” short for “All Cops Are Bastards,” popular with far-left anarchist groups. The list goes on.
In recent months, some online retailers have said they are cracking down on items associated with groups or ideologies that advocate violence, but those are piecemeal efforts, at best. And the third-party sellers that make up a large part of those online markets are adept at skirting the rules.
The Atlanta Journal-Constitution found dozens of examples of extremist merchandise available for sale on major retail sites, some of which disappeared when the AJC asked about it. The AJC also found that third-party sellers on those sites can evade scrutiny by avoiding words that might get them banned.
More than providing a source of income, the swag carries a message to consumers, said Megan Squire, a computer science professor at Elon College who uses data analysis to track far-right extremist groups.
“It spreads the ideology and it’s a signal that you are in the group,” she said. “It makes you feel like you are really in it. You’ve got the flag, you’ve got the shirt.”
That’s important to fringe groups, according to Hampton Stall, an Atlanta-based militia watchdog. Having a branded shirt or hat or other gear helps create community, which Stall said was very important for extremist groups like militias that recruit “highly alienated individuals.”
“Some militias really commit to merchandising,” he said. So much so that some groups have fought over rights to the Three Percenter logo, he said.
One of the more pervasive fringe ideologies found on internet marketplaces is QAnon, the weblike conspiracy theory that believes President Donald Trump is fighting a secret, satanic cabal of politicians and celebrities for control of the world. QAnon, which emerged online in 2017, spread quickly through the national consciousness this year, and sellers swooped in with T-shirts, hats, coffee mugs and books to feed the frenzy.
Amazon has been a prime market for these goods, despite the ideology’s history of inciting violence and warnings from the FBI that it poses a continuing domestic terror threat. A search on Amazon for “WWG1WGA,” an acronym for the conspiracy community’s motto “Where We Go One, We Go All,” turns up a host of items, including a collection of car decals with a QAnon theme.
According to the description, the collection “shares your values, and let (sic) the world know what you’re about. (Where We Go One We Go All QAnon).”
The reviews of the stickers are mixed. While many said they enjoyed being able to proudly proclaim their belief in QAnon, others complained they were cheap and faded in the sun. The worst insult for many was the stickers were made in China.
The Amazon seller is GTOTd, which is a trademark of Chinese firm Zhongshan Aita Electronics. Along with its QAnon offering, the GTOTd page on Amazon offers a vast rage of stickers, from those featuring children’s cartoons to vegan decals to LGBTQ pride.
Twitter, Facebook and YouTube have made efforts to remove QAnon accounts after years of allowing the ideology to spread on their platforms. Amazon declined to comment on why it continues to sell QAnon items, but that’s hardly the only extremist group represented on the retail giant’s website.
Along with QAnon merchandise, Amazon sells many items relevant to the far-right militia movement. Searching “boogaloo,” code within that community for a predicted civil war, provides links to clothing and items promoting the idea.
In addition, Amazon sells dozens of books that feed into the radical fringes, including paramilitary guides for militias.
One, the Militia Battle Manual, advertises itself as a book for when “you feel the need to defend yourself from our government, foreign occupation or your damned neighbors.” The manual is offered by a publishing house whose other titles include “How to Make Disposable Silencers” and “Build Your Own AR-15.”
Squire said Amazon has been somewhat receptive to taking down individual items that advocate violence, but books are another matter. One prominent neo-Nazi author “has had dozens of books he writes and sells on there.”
Squire said deciding which fringe group items do or do not violate an online retailer’s terms of service can be difficult. But she said Amazon’s problem is magnified by the recommendations feature on the site.
Because Amazon’s algorithm groups together similar products, customers looking at the militia manual are offered “Light Infantry Tactics for Small Arms,” “Resistance to Tyranny,” and a “3 Percenter bundle” of military-style arm patches.
Other retailers have different strategies and rationales for dealing with extremist merchandise, but they have their own problems too.
For instance, last month Etsy announced a ban on QAnon-related items. In a statement to the AJC, the company said that ban is “an ongoing process.”
The company said it uses “automatic controls” and teams of human monitors to remove items, but sellers have adapted, skirting a ban by avoiding certain terms or images. As a result, it isn’t hard to find items referencing the conspiracy.
One merchant, active on the site since at least July, includes a large “Q” in its logo and a photo of a model wearing a T-shirt with “WWG1WGA” in large, white letters. The logo also includes the slogan “The Great Awakening,” a reference to part of the QAnon conspiracy theory where a controlling global elite will be arrested and jailed. However, the merchant’s actual merchandise — hats and T-shirts — use more oblique references attractive to the QAnon community but without the terms that might get it banned.
Etsy did not comment directly about this merchant, but the page disappeared after the AJC asked about it. A message posted on the merchant’s standalone webpage indicated that it had been removed from Shopify, another e-commerce platform.
Etsy does not prohibit items promoting the militia movement, but items that reference groups with a history of violence, like Patriot Prayer, or make specific violent statements are prohibited. Etsy does offer multiple listings for items featuring the logo and messages of the Three Percenters, even though factions of that sect have been implicated in a number of violent plots around the nation.
While some online retailers say they are working to rid themselves of fringe groups, the AJC found supposedly banned merchandise through simple keyword searches.
