EUGENE, Ore. — Joseph is a self-declared marijuana addict. He says he rolled his first joint when he was 16, and ended up smoking marijuana regularly for 35 years. Now, he has been clean for 10 years.
But the tone of his voice is less than triumphant as he shares his thoughts at a weekly Marijuana Anonymous group that meets at a space in downtown Eugene.
“I feel really vulnerable now,” Joseph says. “Now (marijuana) is legal, and there are green crosses all over town.”
It has been several weeks since medical marijuana dispensaries opened their doors statewide for the legal sale of recreational marijuana. But in the tight-knit Marijuana Anonymous group, which draws eight or more people each week, people are still processing what influence the rollout could have on their lives.
Medical marijuana dispensaries have been operating in Oregon for a year and half, and this month, it became legal for anyone 21 or older to buy small amounts of marijuana from any dispensary willing to sell it. Sales in the first week topped $11 million.
Most Marijuana Anonymous attendees are less than enthusiastic about the new developments. If there’s one common thread in their comments, it’s that — contrary to popular opinion — there can be a downside to consuming marijuana.
And it’s more than just a theory, according to Dr. Paul Steier at Serenity Lane, a nonprofit treament center in Eugene for alcohol and drug abuse. “Marijuana is less harmful than most other drugs used,” he said. “It’s even less toxic than alcohol. But like any mood-altering substance, cannabis can have an addictive potential.”
At the Eugene OG marijuana dispensary, products manager Jonathan Showker says the availability of legal marijuana ensures that regular consumption is safer.
“The intention of recreational marijuana is to take it out of the black market,” Showker said. “In some respects, it’s healthier, because it’s tested.”
A 12-step program
Some Marijuana Anonymous attendees say they’ve actually found the new dispensaries to be helpful.
Barbara, 50, — who like other attendees spoke on the condition that only their first names be used — has regular seizures. Describing herself as a former addict, she says she started using marijuana when she was 10 years old and smoked it regularly for 35 years.
She has curtailed her constant use, but says her medicinal prescription still helps. “I was able to scale down from 14 medications to just three,” she said.
But Barbara says she noticed a difference in the pot scene in the first week of October, as she stood in line at a recreational marijuana dispensary.
“Some people were upset they couldn’t get concentrates,” she said. “I just hope the revenue really does help the state.”
Marijuana Anonymous, or MA, is a 12-step recovery program similar to Alcoholics Anonymous, urging a spiritual recovery that includes a belief in a Higher Power.
Joseph said the perception persists in the drug world that marijuana is strictly a nonaddictive or “gateway” drug.
He recalls going to Serenity Lane to deal with his marijuana addiction, and hearing the snickers from several methamphetamine and heroin addicts, who were planning to scale down from their respective drugs by simply smoking marijuana.
“They thought I was kidding them,” Joseph said.
A marijuana addiction can have fewer outward side effects, and may be easier to hide, than an addiction to alternative drugs. Most MA attendees have families, careers and productive side interests.
But Steier said that does not make things trouble-free for someone who is susceptible to a marijuana addiction.
“If it interferes with your ability to get the most out of life, you can’t call that benign,” Steier said.
According to a recent report by the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, about 21.6 million Americans ages 12 and older had a drug- or alcohol-related addiction in 2013. The report does not indicate what percentage of those addictions are to marijuana, but does note that marijuana is the most commonly used illicit drug in the country, with 19.8 million users — representing roughly 7.5 percent of the entire population ages 12 and up.
Steier said roughly 15 to 20 percent of the population currently meets the criteria of having an alcohol or drug addiction. There is a higher possibility of marijuana addiction for those who have a family history of marijuana abuse, or those with a genetic predilection for addictive behavior.
According to Steier, one common predictor of future addiction is consumption of marijuana before the age of 18.
Steier said he expects to see more people deal with marijuana addictions following the rollout of recreational marijuana in Oregon.
“There’s a subset of people who do have genetic predilections for addiction and who hadn’t used cannabis previously because of its illegal status,” Steier said. “Now they’re more likely to give it a try.”
“It’s … easy to slip back”
Among previous cannabis users at the MA meeting, there are mixed reactions about how recreational marijuana may touch their lives.
Richard says he has “a lot of ambivalence” about the availability of legal marijuana.
He recently celebrated his 10-month anniversary of being clean. He’s determined to stay clean — his past includes drug-damaged personal relationships and driving under the influence of marijuana — but acknowledges, “It’s really easy to slip back.”
He said he tries to stay away from high-gloss magazines that present tantalizing pictures of specially prepared marijuana buds.
Showker, the manager at the Eugene OG dispensary, suggests that the scourge of addiction doesn’t necessarily lie with the weed.
“I think there are addicts in the world, and addicts find things to be addicted to,” he said. “It’s possible to be a marijuana addict, like a coffee addict.”
But MA member Nicole said it’s important to broaden the scope of who needs help and support.
“Everyone deals with addictions,” Nicole said. “The important question is why people have it, not what it is.”
