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News / Life / Clark County Life

Clark County History: 1902 outlaws

By Martin Middlewood for The Columbian
Published: October 11, 2020, 6:00am

In June 1902, two fugitives crossing the Columbia River held a ferryman at gunpoint, demanding that he drop them off near Fisher’s Landing. Hundreds of discombobulated men, including the Oregon National Guard and a sheriff’s posse, had hounded them for a week unsuccessfully. The fugitives, slippery as cockroaches, mocked their pursuers by doing the unexpected and never showing up where rumors promised.

Harry Tracy and David Merrill escaped the Oregon State Penitentiary June 9 near Salem, Ore., using rifles somehow smuggled into the prison. Shooting their way out, the convicts killed three guards and an inmate. With their escape, the last, longest and most disorganized of outlaw hunts began.

Merrill grew up in Vancouver. Legend has him meeting Tracy in a Portland saloon, where a logger claimed Merrill cheated at cards and was about to throttle him. Tracy stepped in, knocked the man unconscious, and initiated a friendship with Merrill. Not long after, Tracy married Merrill’s sister, Mollie.

Donning party masks, the brothers-in-law robbed Portland butcher shops, trolley cars, grocery stores and saloons during daylight, never pocketing more than a few dollars. Eventually, annoyed by such petty crimes, the police caught Merrill and got him to confess. A judge sent both men to prison in 1901.

Once in Clark County, the desperados headed north, then east, stealing what they needed and slipping away from the swarms of disorganized soldiers, newspaper reporters and civilians chasing them. Witnesses claimed the pursuers packed more firewater than firepower and endangered livestock more than the fugitives.

Near Napavine, Tracy discovered Merrill ratted on him for a lighter jail sentence and shot his brother-in-law and rode away. Hiding among rocks one evening west of Spokane near Creston, he fought his last gunfight. Wounded, he survived the night.

In the morning, Tracy crawled into a stubbly wheatfield nearby and, seeing he was outgunned, took his own life 57 days after his escape.

With Tracy’s body in a coffin, the lawmen headed for Salem. Along the route, frenzied folks eager for souvenirs overpowered them and snatched hair from Tracy’s head and ripped off strips of clothing or flesh.

What remained was put back in the coffin and pushed into an unmarked grave.


Martin Middlewood is editor of the Clark County Historical Society Annual. Reach him at ClarkCoHist@gmail.com.

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